Impacts of Global Change on the Spatial Dynamics of Treeline in Venezuelan Andes

The treeline in the Andes is considered an essential ecotone between Montane forest and Páramo. This Venezuelan corresponds with a transitional ecosystem defined as Páramo forest. In this work, we identify analyze impact of climate warming land transformation agents altering ecosystem’s spatial dynamics along Andes’ altitudinal gradient. We carry out multitemporal studies 57 years at different landscapes Cordillera de Mérida made detailed analysis to understand replacement ecosystems potential distribution. found that main transition from Based on difference current lower limit Forest upper for 1952, border’s displacement 72.7 m study, representing ?12.8 per decade. These changes are mainly driven by carried through ecological process densification woody composition instead shrubland structure. practically have been replaced Pastures fallow vegetation, Crops. present synthesis vegetation types zone. deforestation representative shows us study necessary integrated global change adaptation plan.